The Maranao people, also known as Meranao or Mëranaw, are a significant Muslim ethnic group native to the region surrounding Lake Lanao in the Philippines’ island of Mindanao. With a rich cultural heritage and deep historical roots, the Maranao have preserved their traditions while adapting to modern influences.
This is the history, culture, and notable contributions of the Maranao people and knowing their “Preserving Language “Amidst Change“, as well as details about their map location, population, religion, and leadership[Wiki].
The People of the Lake “Maranao”
The name “Maranao” translates to “people of the lake,” derived from the word ranaw or lanaw, which means lake in the Maranao language. This reference is to Lake Lanao, located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), specifically in the provinces of Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte. The lake is the heart of their homeland, providing sustenance and serving as a spiritual and cultural hub.
Maranao Location
The Maranao primarily inhabit the provinces surrounding Lake Lanao, with Marawi City being the most notable urban center. Their homeland spans across parts of Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte on the island of Mindanao. Below is an approximate location map:
Include a map of Lanao del Sur, Lanao del Norte, and Lake Lanao.[1]
Maranao Population
The Maranao people number over a million, with the highest concentrations in Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte. As of the most recent census data, the population of Lanao del Sur is approximately 1.2 million, making it one of the most populous provinces in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM)[2].
Maranao Religion
The vast majority of Maranao people are Sunni Muslims, following the Shafi’i school of Islamic jurisprudence. Islam deeply influences their culture, social structure, and daily life. The Maranao have been practicing Islam since the 14th century, when Arab traders introduced the religion to the region. Marawi City, the capital of Lanao del Sur, is known as the “Islamic City” of the Philippines and serves as a significant center for Islamic learning and culture.
Maranao Identity and Cultural Practices
The Maranao are renowned for their artistic achievements, particularly in weaving, woodcarving, and metalwork. Their cultural identity is often represented by specific symbols, colors, and motifs that reflect their heritage.
Brand and Symbolism:
- Sarimanok: The Sarimanok, a legendary bird depicted in vibrant colors and intricate designs, is the most iconic symbol of the Maranao people. It represents good fortune and is often seen in Maranao art and cultural representations.
- Torogan Architecture: The torogan (royal house) exemplifies Maranao craftsmanship, adorned with elaborate carvings known as okir.
Color: The traditional color palette of the Maranao people includes bold and vibrant hues, particularly red, yellow, green, and blue. These colors are often used in their textiles, architecture, and ceremonial clothing. Each color has its symbolism:
- Red: Courage and bravery
- Yellow: Royalty and prestige
- Green: Prosperity and fertility
- Blue: Peace and tranquility
Maranao Leadership
Present Governor of Lanao del Sur
As of 2024, the current governor of Lanao del Sur is Mamintal “Bombit” Adiong Jr. He has been a prominent political figure in the region, advocating for the development and recovery of Marawi City following the 2017 siege, and working towards peace and progress in the province. Governor Adiong is known for his focus on education, infrastructure, and economic development in Lanao del Sur, while also upholding the cultural values and traditions of the Maranao people.
Maranao Social Structure and Contributions
Traditionally, Maranao society was divided into various social strata, with nobility (known as mapiyatao) occupying the highest positions. Over time, these rigid structures have evolved, with education and wealth reshaping social roles.
The Maranao have contributed significantly to the broader Philippine society. Prominent Maranao individuals include politicians, scholars, and cultural advocates who have played key roles in preserving Maranao heritage while also contributing to the national discourse. Among them are civic leaders like Samira Gutoc-Tomawis, who has been an active voice in promoting peace and development in the region.
The Maranao people continue to be a vital part of the Philippines’ cultural mosaic. Their traditions, shaped by centuries of history, are a testament to their resilience and creativity. From their stunning art and architecture to their rich literary traditions and vibrant cultural practices, the Maranao have much to offer in understanding the diversity of the Filipino people. As they navigate the challenges of the modern world, the Maranao remain steadfast in preserving their heritage, ensuring that their legacy endures for generations to come.
